Composite pile



ocr. 27 1925. 1,558,939 H. R. SMITH l15.1- AL COMPOSITE PILE i :med Aug.3o, '1922 2 sheets-sheet 2 WEA/TOR.

fit

Patented ct. 27, i925.

-nieren STATES PATIENT- exmen nennen it. entre, or BROOKLYN, new rome,AND

ALBERTE.' TWIST, er emerson,

NEW EERSEY, ASSIGNORS T0 RAYMOND CONCRETE v:PILE CMQANX OF NEW YORK,

ooMf'osITE PILE.

Application fried August so, 1922i seriai To all whom 2.5 may concern,"

Be it known that we, HERMAN R, Mrr-H and ALBERT E. Twls'r, bot-hcitizens of the United States of America, residing, respectively, atBrooklyn Kings County, Stute of New York, and lifton, Passaic County,State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and use-ful inprovenientsin Composite Piles, of which the following is n, full, clean,

Aund exact description.

'lhis'invention relates to composite piles, that isj piles composed ot nlower wooden Aportion nnd en upper contirete portion. In such piles itsometimes happens that heaving,` ot tho fronnddno to driving` adjacentpiles causes the "none-rete upper portionto rise :rnd sepnrnte tronithe` lower. lifting:r force vis so grtut that in sonic eases :1.separation nl several inches fbetween the concrete and the wood has been'l'ouint lW'e have accordingly been led to devise our present invention,which hits t'or its t'hiet' ohjeot to provide n simple and eltectivenlethod of looking' the two parts together so that they cannot'sep-trete under the ronditions mentioned. 'llo this :1nd other endsInt'he embodiments illustrated the lower or wooden portionof Vthe pileis designated by the numeral 10.]"3 Asjshown, it is formed witheneekvzorv-1fipward' extension l1 ot reduced.diziineteriwlieli. eneasedin the Qoncrete npperfportion-12,. east in place in the usualshell't'l,v reiiifored by the spirztlly or helicelly arrnngedwire lnthetop otthewood pile lO is n down- 'wardly eIltending-'hle l5 of suitabledepth,

containing? a, tubular socketinenihe'r '16, which isthreuded on theinside to receive the threaded loweivend ofI the locking rod '17. Thesocket member is secured in place h v n 'steel or iron looking' 'pinlS'in the trnnswrse the invention .consists in the novel, tentures,

wel@ is deposited in lhty shell und hnrdens therein the rod or rods'will be tirn'tlv gripped by the conm-oto, therein; positivelyprevent-ini;- :tn v upward niovetntnt olf the cout-rete portionrninlivotv lo thtr1 lower wooden portion.

Une lloran-ol' our improved pihl .is illus'- trucd in thtx:nw-onipnnying drnwinl` in which i f i iiig; l is :t vortirnl'orlongitudinal section :it lljte ioint twlwren the wood und 'thetitl-3rtir'rtt" showing; the nvttirred method ol si rnrino the lurking'rod lo .the nood,

F. crete portion of the pile.4 showing' uonvenient menne torpreventing'1 :repartition lieiore the 1 -\inrrete has set.

bore or passage '19. The looking rod is twisted, roughened, or otherwisesuitzthtv fashioned to give the conc-rete a lirnr grip, so that when theconcret-e hits set` the two parte of the Composite `pile willhepositively locked together. The nieinhers lo, li' und. 18 arepreferably mede ot steel.

Around the lower end of the concrete pile is n sheet inetal shoe 20,which is runde snmll enough to require forcing it down over the nook orshank ll. In its inelposition the inner edge 2l bites into the wood andthus nids in preventingvv separation of the two parts of the pile. lt'desired, the lower part ot the Concrete portion nitty he further protet-ted and strengthened by en outer Sleen; S552` in which ease thelower. end ot the sleeve muy extend up on the inner sin tace of theehoo, thus strengthening lthe lower part ot the hitter, The bottoni oitthe Sleeve is; `eonwwlnit. luiger in t'liniueterl thru the etnie, undheure hns :t spreading efleet on the shoe, which roths the upper insideedge ol' the shoe inwardly, thus causing; the pressure of the shoe to heeonrentrzited :it the point 2l. rthis insures n tirin grip h v the shoeet the point mentioned. The sleeve extends up thel pile 'or two or threefeet, lirinljv se tiring the 11min shell .t3 und the boot 2t) together.and thereby 'l'orniing u \\ztter-tight :ind rigid ronnection lwtweenthese two members. lso. :is the shoe is t'o-rrerl down on the .slntnlolVl the wooden pile the two coin :l'orni to eurh other so losely tlnitin most' (qt-zes thil joint lintween hun if; light enough to tirlndowitter und vthun prow-nt soztpttnu I ipxnrtltr lieween the voitur-ete:ind the woo-dv loo to hold the shoe and sleeve, in w As stated above,the concrete portion of our pile is, preferably, cast in place. This requires that in the driving operation the shell 13 must be supported byaremovable core,as is customary. If the space available is sufficient,the shell' and core can be assembled on the Wood pile (the socket member16 and key 18 being first inserted), and the whole can then be driventogether. Usually, however, the wood pile is driven first, leaving theshank projecting y above the ground, after which the shell and core arearranged on the wood 'pile and the driving continued until the shell issunk to the desired depth.

When the wood pile andthe shell have been sunk, the core is withdrawnand the locking rod 17 is then inserted and screwed home in the socketpiece 16, after which the concrete ,is poured into the shell. If thelocking rod is not long enough to be grasped at the top'A of the shellit may be screwed into place by means of a wrench or other suitable toollong enough for the pur se. In Vthet pe-of construction illustrate the.shoe and s eeve at the bottom of the concrete part of the pile'are soconnected as to be 1n effect one. This is a highly advantageous feature,as it provides a slip-joint between the shell and the shoe. When theshell is driven and the core removed, the heaving of the ground beforethe concrete is deposited l in the shell is sometimes suiiicient to liftthe shell. Ordinarily the shoe grips the shank or tenon of the woodenpile rmly enough ich'case the shell simply rises in the latter, but thesleeve,l held down by the shoe, prevents the opening of a gap at thebottom of the shell. This insures, in practically all cases, that mudand water will be excluded from the shell and that Whenthe concrete isdeposit'ed it will find its way down as far as the shoulder around thebase of the shank.

. If the heaving of the ground and consequent lifting of the shelloccurs before the concrete has set enough to take an effective grip onthe locking rod, the body of concrete is sometimes lifted also, thusseparating from the Wooden pile at the top of the shank. Vliere theground conditions are such as lo exert a lifting pressure of thecharacter described we'prefer to use a locking rod long enough to extendabove the surface of the concrete, and on the rod We fasten an abutmentto hold the concrete down. Thus in Fig. 2 an abutment is shown at 25,held on the locking rod 17 by a removable collar 26 having a set screwV27. The abutment may-be a disk of metal or wood, but in-some cases apiece of plank, say two inches thick and ten or twelve inches Wide, issufficient. If, now, the shell is lifted it will rise around theconcrete, the latter being held by the abutment and locking rod. Whenjthe concrete has set the abutment is removed.

It Will be observed that the upward pressure produced on lthe concretesection by heaving of the ground is taken in tension by the locking rod;and that the forces transmitted to the socket piece and key are taken asshearing stresses, which the parts named are well able to withstand eventhough these parts are relatively small and light. Moreoveiythe metalparts of the. lock are so Well covered with concrete that the joint ispractically permanent. The locking rod also strengthens the concretestructure by serving as a reinforcement, giving the pile greaterresistance, for example, to transverse stresses due to any tendency ofthe ground to slide or slip.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to thestructure herein specifically illustrated and described but can beembodied in other forms Without departure from its spirit.

We claim- 1. .A composite pile comprising a lower Wooden portion and anuppermoncreteportion, a socket member fastened in the top of the woodenportion, and a locking rod fastened at its lower end in the socketmember and having its upper portion embedded in the concrete.

2. A composite ile comprising a lower lwooden portion and concrete upperportion, a socket member in the upper end of the wood portion, atransverse `key extending through the socket member to fasten the same1n place, and a locking rod embedded in the concrete u per portion andhaving its lower end secure in said socket member.

3. In a composite pile, a wobden lower portion having an upwardlyextending shank, a concrete upper portion embedding said shank andhaving on its lower end a shoe firmly embracing the said shank, andmeans embedded in theconcrete upper portion and cooperating'with the shnk to lock the parts of the pile together ag inst longitudinalseparation. v

4. In a composite pile, a wooden lower portion, a concrete upper portionenclosed in a. shell, a longitudinal locking member embedded in theconcrete portion and anchored to the wooden portion, and means connectedto the 'locking member to hold the concrete down when the shell israised by heaving of the ground before the concrete has set.

5. In a compositev pile, a Wooden lower portion, a concrete upperportion enclosed in a shell, a longitudinal locking member anchoredtothe wooden portion and extending upwardly into the concreete, andmeans ren movablymounted on the-locking member at' the top of theconcrete to hold the latter down when the shell is raised by heaving ofthe ground before the concrete has set.

6. In a composite pile, a"wooden lower portion, a concrete upperportion. a shell surrounding the concrete and having a slipjointadjacent to the woodenportion to pre'- vent formation of' an opening forthe entrance of mud or water when the upper portion of the shell israised by heaving of the ground, a looking member embedded in theooncreteand anchored to the Wooden portion of the pile, and meansconnected to the latter member to prevent upward movement of theconcrete when the shell is raised by heavingof the groundbefore theconcrete has set. p

7. In a composite pile a wooden lower portion, a concrete upper portion4enclosed in a shell, a longitudinal locking member embedded in theconcrete portion andanohored to the wooden portion, and a transverseabutment on the upper end of the locking member to hold'the concretedown when the shell is raised by heaving of the ground before theconcrete has set.

8. In a composite pile, a Wooden lower concrete, and

portion, a concrete upper portion enclosed in a shell, a locking memberanehored to the wooden portieri and extending upwardly through theconcrete, and an abutment removably mounted on the locking member abovethe concrete to hold the latter down 'when the shell is raised bybeavingof the ground before the conm-ete has set.

9. In a composite pile, a wooden lower portion, a concrete upperportion, a longitudinal locking member secured to the wooden portion andextending upwardly into the aitransverse abutment carried by the upperpart of the locking member to hold the concrete down against heavingaetion of the ground before the concrete has set.

In testimony whereof we hereto allix our signatures.Y

HERMAN R. SMITH. ALBERT E. TWIST.

